Basic list of building items you should know

During execution of construction works for a typical building, there are different items to be attended to, They can be classified as Preliminaries, Carcass,Finishes and external works.

Preliminaries are the works or tasks required to be carried out to allow an undisrupted flow of the main works. Carcass can be likened to the skeleton of the building, Finishes is largely self explanatory and includes plastering,doors,windows, painting etc.

External works captures any work within the site excluding the building.

PRELIMINARIES:

Preliminary Items are usually composed of the following items, they may be more or less depending on the type of project:

 

1. Contracts
2. Tools and vehicles.
3. Scaffolding
4. Site Administration and Security.
5. Transportation
6. Protection of the work
7. Water supply for works
8. Temporary lighting and power for works
9. Telephone
10. Site access
11. Temporary accommodation
12. Health and safety
13. Clearing/ carting away – removal of dirt and rubbish
14. Insurances
15. Schedules, charts etc. showing the progress of work and activities
16. Cleaning, clearing and Handover.

 

CARCASS

Carcass refers to the building skeleton and starts from foundation to roofing of the building…For a one storey building, typically includes:

Foundation (Strip foundation for example)

1. Setting out of buildings
2. Digging of foundation
3. Casting of blinding
4. Laying of blocks
5. Installation of metal bars to columns
6. Casting of columns
7. Filling foundation
8. Ramming of foundation
9. Laying of water proof
10. Installation of side formwork
11. Casting the ground floor slab

Ground floor

1. Setting out of block work
2. Building up block walls leaving space for openings, doors and windows as per drawings
3. Installation of door and window lintels.
4. Installation of formwork to columns and casting of same
5. Build up of block work above lintel level
6. Mechanical and electrical piping

Slab

1. Installation of scaffold to support slab formwork
2. Installation of formwork to slab, beams and stairs
3. Installation of metal reinforcement to slab
4. Installation of Plumbing/mechanical and electrical piping
5. Casting of floor slab

First floor

1. Setting out of block work
2. Building up block walls leaving space for openings, doors and windows as per drawings
3. Installation of door and window lintels.
4. Installation of formwork to columns and casting of same
5. Build up of block work above lintel level
6. Mechanical and electrical piping
7. Casting of perimeter roof beam

Roof level

1.  Parapet formation and casting if required
2. Installation of wood truss
3.  Installation of roofing sheets and ridges
4. Lightening arrestor

 

FINISHES:

1. Plastering
2. POP ceilings
3. Doors installation
4. Windows installation
5. Window trims and other decorations
6. Wiring
7. Tiling
8. Sanitary wares installation
9. Cabinets
10. Sockets and switches installation
11. Lighting fittings installtion
12. Other required fittings eg CCTV Camera
13. Painting

 

EXTERNAL WORKS

1. Gates
2. Gate house
3. Fences
4. Paving
5. Soft landscaping
6. Borehole
7. Septic tank
8. Power connection
9. Site Security features
10. Underground cables/piping
11. Water stanchion
12. Site lighting

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